Study on Majuli Erosion Highlights 75 Sq Km Land Loss and 58 Sq Km Sediment Deposition Along the Brahmaputra
Why in News?
- Study highlighting significant land changes on the island. The study reports a loss of approximately 75 square kilometers of land and a sediment deposition of about 58 square kilometers along the Brahmaputra River. These findings underscore the ongoing environmental challenges faced by Majuli, the world’s largest river island, emphasizing the need for effective erosion control and sustainable land management strategies.
Important Key Points:
1. Significant Land Loss
- Majuli island has lost approximately 75 square kilometers of land due to continuous riverbank erosion by the Brahmaputra River.
2. Sediment Deposition
- Despite erosion, around 58 square kilometers of new land has formed through sediment deposition, indicating dynamic geomorphological changes.
3. Study Period
- The findings are based on long-term satellite data analysis and geospatial study, highlighting trends over several decades.
4. Causes of Erosion
- High river discharge, strong current velocity, channel migration, and human interventions (like embankments) are major contributors.
- Climate change and monsoonal variation also play a role in the intensified erosion patterns.
5. Environmental Impact
- The erosion has led to the displacement of local communities, loss of agricultural land, and threats to cultural heritage.
- Majuli is home to several Vaishnavite monasteries (Satras), many of which are under threat.
6. Urgent Need for Action
- The study emphasizes the need for:
- Sustainable riverbank protection measures
- Eco-sensitive development
- Continuous monitoring using remote sensing tools
7. Majuli’s Global Significance
- Majuli is recognized as the world’s largest inhabited river island and holds cultural, ecological, and historical significance.
